The benefits of an electric callus remover

Calluses are thickened areas of skin that occur as a protective response to friction, stress, or irritation. They frequently form on the feet, specifically on the soles and heels, where the skin withstands repeated stress from walking, standing, or using ill-fitting shoes. The body’s all-natural defense reaction kicks in, leading to the production of added skin cells that collect gradually, causing the hard, rough areas we recognize as calluses.

While calluses can serve a useful function by shielding the underlying skin from injury, they can also end up being uncomfortable or unpleasant if left untreated. Several variables contribute to the formation of calluses. One of the primary reasons is footwear; shoes that are too limited, too loose, or lack sufficient support can create friction points that cause callus development.

Additionally, specific activities, such as running or dancing, can worsen the issue because of the repetitive movement and pressure put on specific locations of the feet. Other adding elements include foot deformities like bunions or hammertoes, which can alter the way weight is dispersed across the foot, leading to unequal pressure and subsequent callus formation. Recognizing these causes is vital for effective prevention and treatment.

The Value of Routine Foot Care

The Repercussions of Disregarding Foot Health

Ignoring foot health can result in issues such as infections, pain, and mobility concerns. For individuals with diabetes or blood circulation issues, regular foot treatment becomes much more critical, as they are at a higher risk for severe difficulties originating from minor foot concerns.

Enhancing Quality of Life with Foot Treatment

Additionally, keeping soft and healthy and balanced feet can improve balance and stability, minimizing the risk of falls and injuries. By focusing on foot treatment, people can improve their quality of life and guarantee their feet stay functional and pain-free.

How Electric Callus Removers Help

Electric callus removers are clever gadgets developed to efficiently and properly remove hardened skin from the feet. These tools typically include a revolving head with a rough surface area that carefully scrubs the callused areas without creating damage to the bordering skin. The device behind these devices is fairly basic; as the rotating head moves over the skin, it abrades the thick layers of dead skin cells, allowing for smoother and softer feet.

The convenience of electric callus removers lies in their convenience of use and effectiveness contrasted to standard approaches such as pumice stones or hands-on scrapes. Many versions come equipped with adjustable speed setups, enabling users to tailor their experience based upon their comfort level and the seriousness of their calluses. In addition, some electric callus removers are developed with ergonomic handles for far better grip and control throughout use.

This technology not only saves time but additionally reduces the effort needed to achieve smooth feet, making it an attractive option for those looking for effective foot care solutions.

Choosing the Right Electric Callus Remover for Your Requirements

Choosing the appropriate electric callus remover includes taking into consideration numerous factors to guarantee it satisfies individual needs and choices. Among the key considerations is the power source; some models operate on batteries while others are rechargeable. Battery-operated tools may supply portability yet could require regular battery replacements, whereas rechargeable options supply convenience without the need for consistent battery changes.

Another vital element to consider is the design and functionality of the device. Some electric callus removers come with compatible heads or rollers that deal with different degrees of callus severity. For example, a coarser roller may be much more efficient for stubborn calluses, while a finer one can be utilized for upkeep after the preliminary therapy.

In addition, features such as waterproof designs enable usage in wet environments, making them appropriate for usage in the shower or bathroom. Reading testimonials and contrasting functions can help consumers make informed decisions based upon their particular foot care needs.

Tips for Making Use Of an Electric Callus Remover Safely and Properly

To optimize the advantages of an electric callus remover while making certain safety, it is necessary to comply with specific standards during use. Firstly, it is recommended to start with clean, completely dry feet to prevent any prospective infections or irritabilities. Before using the device, soaking the feet in warm water for about 10-15 minutes can help soften the callused areas, making them less complicated to treat.

After soaking, gently pat the feet dry prior to proceeding with the electric callus remover. When utilizing the device, it is vital to apply gentle pressure and avoid pressing too hard against the skin. Extreme force can cause skin irritation or injury.

It is likewise advised to move the device gradually over the callused areas in a back-and-forth movement as opposed to remaining in one spot for too long. This method helps make sure even exfoliation while minimizing discomfort. After treatment, hydrating the feet with an abundant cream can help lock in hydration and promote recovery.

Maintaining Smooth and Soft Feet with Regular Use

Consistency is key when it involves keeping smooth and soft feet using an electric callus remover. Establishing a regular timetable for foot care can stop calluses from re-forming and maintain feet looking their ideal. Depending upon individual needs and lifestyle factors, making use of an electric callus remover once every couple of weeks may be sufficient for some individuals, while others might require more regular therapies if they are susceptible to developing thickened.

Along with using an electric callus remover, integrating other foot treatment practices right into a routine can improve results. Regularly hydrating the feet after each treatment helps preserve gentleness and avoids dryness that can lead to further callus formation. Wearing proper footwear that gives ample support and padding is also necessary in stopping extreme rubbing that contributes to callus development

By integrating these practices with regular use of an electric callus remover, individuals can enjoy resilient results and much healthier feet.

Additional Foot Treatment Products to Complement Your Electric Callus Remover

To accomplish optimum foot health, it is helpful to include added foot care items alongside an electric callus remover. Exfoliating scrubs developed particularly for feet can give an added layer of peeling in between therapies, helping to keep the skin smooth and free from dead cells. These scrubs frequently have active ingredients like pumice or all-natural exfoliants that work synergistically with electric removers.

Creams play an essential function in foot treatment as well; selecting a thick lotion formulated for completely dry feet can significantly improve hydration levels. Seek items having ingredients such as shea butter or urea, which are known for their moisturizing characteristics. Furthermore, wearing cotton socks after using cream can help lock in moisture over night for enhanced outcomes.

Foot masks are an additional excellent choice; these therapies supply intensive hydration and nutrients while promoting general foot health and wellness.

The Advantages of Purchasing a Quality Electric Callus Remover

Purchasing a quality electric callus remover offers numerous benefits that expand beyond mere ease. Top quality devices are typically made with durable materials and advanced modern technology that make certain efficient performance with time. Unlike less expensive alternatives that may break down promptly or fall short to deliver acceptable outcomes, a reliable electric callus remover can supply consistent outcomes with appropriate care.

Furthermore, a quality tool commonly features added features that enhance user experience, such as several speed settings or interchangeable rollers customized for different skin types. These features permit individuals to personalize their foot treatment routine according to their particular needs and choices. Additionally, several trustworthy brands supply service warranties or satisfaction guarantees, offering peace of mind regarding the investment made in foot health and wellness.

Ultimately, choosing a trustworthy electric callus remover not just simplifies foot treatment but additionally contributes significantly to maintaining healthy and balanced and attractive feet in time.

Are Toe Correctors Useful?

Toe correctors are specialized devices created to straighten and fix up the toes, dealing with various foot deformities and pains. These gadgets can take several forms, including splints, pads, and braces, each engineered to give support and adjustment to the toe alignment. The key function of toe correctors is to delicately stretch and reposition the toes right into their natural placement, neutralizing the results of conditions such as bunions, hammertoes, and overlapping toes.

By using constant stress and support, these gadgets can help restore correct foot biomechanics, which is important for overall foot wellness. The mechanics behind toe correctors entail the application of gentle force to the impacted toes. This pressure encourages the muscles and ligaments surrounding the toes to adapt and strengthen, promoting a more natural alignment with time.

Lots of toe correctors are made from flexible materials that allow for comfort while still providing the required support. Some designs include features like flexible straps or supported pads to enhance comfort and efficiency. The goal is not just to relieve discomfort but additionally to prevent additional problems that can emerge from misaligned toes, such as joint discomfort or arthritis.

Typical Toe Problems: How Toe Correctors Can Help

Toe problems are prevalent and can dramatically influence a person’s quality of life. Problems such as bunions, hammertoes, and claw toes are amongst one of the most typical issues that people encounter. Bunions, characterized by a bony bump at the base of the great toe, can cause pain and trouble in using suitable footwear.

Hammertoes occur when several toes flex unusually at the center joint, causing pain and making it challenging to walk. Claw toes include a comparable bending however normally affect several toes, resulting in a claw-like appearance. Each of these conditions can be worsened by incorrect shoes, genetics, or underlying health and wellness problems.

Toe correctors can play an important role in handling these problems. For instance, bunion correctors often feature a splint that helps straighten the big toe while giving support to decrease friction against the shoes. This not only minimizes discomfort but also slows the development of the bunion.

Likewise, hammertoe correctors might include toe separators or splints that help align the affected toes, allowing for improved mobility and comfort. By attending to these common toe issues early on with appropriate corrective tools, people can prevent additional issues and preserve better foot health and wellness.

Picking the Right Toe Corrector for Your Requirements

Selecting the ideal toe corrector requires careful consideration of specific needs and specific toe conditions. The marketplace has a range of options customized to different issues, so comprehending the unique qualities of each kind is necessary. As an example, individuals experiencing bunions might benefit from a bunion splint that offers targeted support to the large toe while enabling some activity.

Conversely, those with hammertoes could find that a toe separator or an inflexible splint is more reliable in aligning their toes. When choosing a toe corrector, it is also crucial to think about aspects such as material, dimension, and adjustability. Several products are made from breathable products that enhance comfort during wear, which is specifically vital for those that might need to utilize them for extended periods.

Furthermore, sizing is critical; a badly fitting corrector can cause pain and even intensify existing problems. Adjustable styles can supply a more tailored fit, accommodating changes in foot size or swelling throughout the day. Checking out testimonials and seeking advice from experts can offer beneficial understandings into which items may be most effective for particular problems.

Making Use Of Toe Correctors: Tips and Methods for Maximum Effectiveness

To maximize the advantages of toe correctors, it is vital to utilize them appropriately and consistently. One efficient technique is to start with short wearing periods, slowly increasing the period as comfort enables. This helps the feet adjust to the corrective pressure without causing extreme pain or strain.

As an example, starting with 15-30 minutes a day can help individuals determine their tolerance prior to extending wear time. Along with duration, correct positioning of the toe corrector is crucial for effectiveness. Ensuring that the device is positioned correctly on the toes can dramatically enhance its ability to realign them.

Some users may find it helpful to speak with training video clips or guides supplied by producers to ensure they are utilizing the product as intended. Moreover, incorporating toe correctors with various other foot treatment methods– such as stretching exercises or using orthotic inserts.

Advantages of Utilizing Toe Correctors for Foot Health

The benefits of utilizing toe correctors prolong past mere aesthetic improvements; they play a substantial role in boosting overall foot health. Among the primary advantages is discomfort relief. Numerous individuals experience chronic pain because of misaligned toes, which can cause inflammation and joint concerns over time.

By utilizing toe correctors to realign the toes, people commonly report a decrease in pain levels and an improved ability to engage in day-to-day tasks without discomfort. Furthermore, toe correctors can add to better posture and balance. Appropriate alignment of the toes is critical for preserving an even distribution of weight across the foot.

When toes are misaligned, it can bring about offsetting motions that affect posture and increase the risk of injuries in various other areas of the body, such as the knees or hips. By promoting appropriate alignment through corrective devices, people may experience enhanced stability and lowered risk of falls or injuries.

Potential Risks and Preventative Measures When Making Use Of Toe Correctors

While toe correctors can offer numerous advantages, it is essential to understand possible risks connected with their use. One common concern is pain or inflammation brought on by prolonged wear or inappropriate fit. If a toe corrector causes considerable discomfort or causes sores or skin irritability, it may be essential to adjust its usage or consult with a medical care expert for guidance.

Furthermore, individuals with certain medical conditions– such as diabetes or blood circulation concerns– need to exercise caution when utilizing toe correctors. These problems can influence blood circulation and sensation in the feet, making it essential to keep track of any type of changes closely while using corrective devices. Consulting with a podiatrist before starting any kind of brand-new treatment program is suggested for those with underlying health and wellness worries.

Including Toe Correctors into Your Daily Regimen

Incorporating toe correctors into life can be accomplished through thoughtful planning and consistency. One effective approach is to designate specific times during the day for wearing them– such as during relaxation periods in your home or while watching television– when one is much less most likely to be on their feet for prolonged durations. This technique enables individuals to slowly adjust to using the devices without interrupting their daily tasks.

Along with designated wearing times, matching toe correctors with other foot treatment techniques can improve their effectiveness. For instance, including stretching exercises targeting the feet and toes can enhance the rehabilitative action of the devices. Easy exercises like toe curls or picking up tiny objects with the toes can strengthen foot muscles and enhance flexibility.

Furthermore, maintaining proper footwear options– choosing footwear with sufficient support and area for toe movement — can create an environment for healing and alignment.

Consultation with a Foot doctor: When to Seek Specialist Assistance for Toe Issues

While several people might find relief through self-treatment with toe correctors, there are instances when specialist consultation ends up being necessary. If symptoms linger regardless of using corrective devices or if there are indicators of serious pain, swelling, or changes in skin shade around the toes, seeking advice from a podiatrist is crucial. A podiatric doctor can offer a detailed analysis of foot health and advise customized therapy choices based on individual requirements.

Furthermore, people who have experienced trauma to their feet or have underlying health and wellness problems should not hesitate to seek advice from a specialist. A podiatric doctor can offer understandings into whether medical treatment might be essential or if different treatments might provide relief. Early treatment frequently brings about better outcomes in managing foot conditions, making it important for people experiencing persistent concerns to seek specialist advice promptly.

What to do about Cracked Heels

Cracked heels, also medically referred to as heel fissures, are a common foot problem that can impact individuals of every age. They occur when the skin on the heels ends up being dry, thickened, and ultimately cracks, leading to unpleasant symptoms. The main causes of cracked heels can be attributed to a selection of elements, including environmental conditions, lifestyle choices, and underlying health problems.

As an example, extended exposure to dry air, particularly in winter season, can remove moisture from the skin, making it much more susceptible to cracking. Furthermore, standing for long periods on hard surfaces can put too much stress on the heels, intensifying the issue. Signs and symptoms of cracked heels can range from light to severe.

Originally, people might notice dry, half-cracked skin around the heel area. As the problem proceeds, cracks may deepen and end up being unpleasant, especially when walking or standing. Sometimes, the fissures can bleed or come to be infected, resulting in more difficulties.

Other symptoms may include soreness and swelling around the fractures, along with a harsh appearance on the heel surface. It is essential to recognize these signs and symptoms early on to stop further degeneration and pain.

Home Remedies for Treating Cracked Heels

Soaking and Scrubing

One popular method includes soaking the feet in warm water combined with Epsom salt. This not only helps to soften the skin however also provides relief from any type of discomfort related to cracked heels. After soaking for about 15-20 mins, delicately scrubing the feet with a pumice stone can help remove dead skin cells and promote healing.

Moisturizing with Natural Oils

One more effective natural home remedy is the use of natural oils such as coconut oil or olive oil. These oils are rich in fats and have superb moisturizing properties. Using a generous amount of oil to the afflicted area prior to going to bed and covering the feet with cotton socks can boost absorption and provide over night relief.

Extra Remedies

Making use of a combination of honey and glycerin can create a soothing paste that not only moisturizes but also has antibacterial properties, which can help prevent infections in split areas. Adhering to these treatments with a thick layer of moisturizer can secure hydration and help in the recuperation process.

Over-the-Counter Treatments for Cracked Heels

For those looking for extra targeted options, over-the-counter therapies are extensively offered and can give substantial remedy for cracked heels. Much of these items consist of components such as urea or salicylic acid, which are known for their keratolytic actions. Urea helps to break down hardened skin and promotes moisture retention, while salicylic acid aids in scrubing dead skin cells.

These ingredients function synergistically to soften the skin and decrease the appearance of cracks. In addition to lotions and ointments, foot masks particularly made for cracked heels have gained popularity over the last few years. These masks often include a mix of hydrating ingredients and exfoliants that interact to invigorate the skin on the feet.

Users generally apply the mask for a specified period, permitting the active components to permeate deeply into the skin. Regular use of these products can lead to obvious improvements in heel texture and total foot health.

Professional Treatments for Severe Cracked Heels

In cases where home remedies and non-prescription treatments fall short to provide relief, expert treatments might be essential. A podiatrist or skin doctor can analyze the extent of the problem and recommend proper treatments. One common expert treatment is debridement, where a healthcare provider thoroughly removes thickened skin using specialized tools.

This treatment not only eases discomfort but additionally allows for better absorption of topical therapies. For people with underlying health conditions such as diabetic issues or psoriasis that add to cracked heels, tailored therapy strategies may be required. In some circumstances, prescription-strength creams consisting of greater concentrations of urea or other active components may be advised.

In addition, if an infection is present, oral antibiotics or antifungal medicines might be recommended to attend to the concern efficiently.

Preventative Actions for Preventing Cracked Heels

Avoiding cracked heels is frequently much more effective than treating them after they occur. Among the most important preventative steps is keeping correct foot hygiene. Consistently cleaning and drying the feet thoroughly can help protect against dry skin and cracking.

Additionally, integrating an everyday moisturizing routine right into one’s self-care regimen can considerably decrease the risk of developing cracked heels. Applying a thick moisturizer specifically made for feet after bathing can develop a protective barrier against dryness.

The Importance of Hydrating for Smooth and Soft Heels

Moisturizing plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy skin on the feet, specifically for stopping cracked heels. The skin on the heels is normally thicker than other locations of the body, making it much more prone to dryness and cracking if not effectively looked after. Normal application of creams helps renew lost moisture and creates a barrier that secures hydration.

Active ingredients such as shea butter, glycerin, and lanolin are particularly reliable in giving deep hydration. Furthermore, moisturizing should not be limited to just the heel area; it is useful to use moisturizer to the whole foot, including between the toes and on the tops of the feet. This thorough approach guarantees that all areas are nurtured and protected from dryness.

For optimum results, people must take into consideration using heavier creams or ointments at night while wearing cotton socks to improve absorption while they sleep.

Peeling Techniques for Removing Dead Skin and Calluses

Exfoliation is a vital action in handling cracked heels as it helps eliminate dead skin cells and calluses that can add to the trouble. There are a number of strategies available for efficient exfoliation. One prominent method involves using a pumice stone or foot file after soaking the feet in warm water.

This gentle abrasion helps slough off thickened skin without causing damage to healthy tissue. Chemical exfoliants can additionally be beneficial for those that choose a much less strategy. Products containing alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) or beta-hydroxy acids (BHAs) can effectively dissolve dead skin cells and promote cell turnover.

These exfoliants are usually found in foot scrubs or creams developed especially for cracked heels. Routine exfoliation not only enhances the look of the feet but likewise enhances the effectiveness of creams by enabling them to penetrate much deeper right into the skin.

Picking the Right Footwear to Prevent and Deal With Cracked Heels

Shoes plays a substantial role in both protecting against and dealing with cracked heels. Footwear that supply ample support and cushioning|padding are important for keeping foot health. High-heeled footwear or those with poor arch support can put higher stress on the heels, bringing about increased risk of cracking.

It is recommended to select footwear that allow for some wiggle area for the toes while providing firm support around the heel area. For those that spend lengthy hours on their feet, investing in orthotic inserts may provide additional comfort and support, further lowering the possibility of developing cracked heels.

Hammer Toe Splints

A hammer toe is a condition that affects the second, 3rd, or 4th toe, causing it to bend at the center joint, looking like a hammer. This condition can bring about discomfort and pain, particularly when wearing footwear. The impacted toe may show up curled or bent downward, which can develop pressure against the shoes, causing corns, calluses, and other foot-related problems.

Hammer toes can be flexible at first, enabling some movement, however over time, they may end up being rigid and fixed in position, making therapy more challenging. The problem is usually related to an imbalance in the muscles, tendons, or ligaments that typically hold the toe in position. This inequality can be worsened by different variables, including incorrect shoes, hereditary predisposition, or underlying health problems such as joint inflammation.

While hammer toes can occur in anybody, they are much more common in women and individuals who regularly use high-heeled or narrow-toed footwear. Comprehending the nature of hammer toes is critical for effective management and treatment.

Causes of hammer toe pain

The discomfort connected with hammer toes mostly occurs from the abnormal positioning of the toe and the resultant friction against footwear. When the toe is bent at the center joint, it can develop pressure points that cause inflammation and irritability of the surrounding tissues. This discomfort can be aggravated by using footwear that do not give sufficient space for the toes, such as tight-fitting or high-heeled shoes.

In time, this constant stress can lead to the development of corns or calluses on the top of the toe or on the bottom of the foot, further adding to the pain. In addition to footwear choices, other elements can contribute to hammer toe pain. As an example, people with specific medical conditions like diabetes or joint inflammation may experience increased vulnerability to foot problems and connected discomfort.

Furthermore, muscle imbalances brought on by conditions such as neuromuscular disorders can cause improper positioning of the toes. Age is another factor; as individuals grow older, the tendons and ligaments in their feet may lose elasticity, making them much more prone to developing conditions like hammer toes.

How do splints help relieve hammer toe discomfort?

Splints are made to realign the affected toe and alleviate pain by providing support and stability. By holding the toe in a much more natural position, splints can help in reducing pressure on sensitive locations and avoid further deformity. This realignment can also promote recovery by enabling the surrounding tissues to recuperate from the swelling and irritability brought on by the hammered positioning of the toe

Numerous individuals find that wearing a splint during day-to-day activities or while resting can dramatically lower pain. In addition, splints can act as against the development of hammer toe deformities. By preserving appropriate alignment, they can help stop the toe from ending up being stiff and fixed in its curved position.

This is especially vital for individuals who are in the early stages of developing a hammer toe or those who have flexible hammer toes. Regular use of splints can likewise help with far better foot mechanics throughout walking and running, which might add to total foot health.

Kinds of splints for hammer toe

There are a number of kinds of splints readily available for taking care of hammer toe discomfort, each developed with specific features to address various needs. One usual kind is the stiff splint, which offers firm support and immobilization of the impacted toe. These splints are generally made from products like plastic or steel and are ideal for individuals with much more severe deformities or those who need substantial stabilization.

Another option is the soft splint, which is made from flexible materials such as fabric or foam. These splints provide a more comfortable fit and allow for some motion while still supplying support. Soft splints are usually recommended for individuals with moderate to modest hammer toes or those that prefer a much less restrictive option.

Furthermore, there are toe separators that can be made use of along with splints to help keep appropriate alignment between nearby toes and minimize rubbing. Some splints are developed especially for nighttime use, enabling people to wear them while they sleep without discomfort. These nighttime splints typically have adjustable bands to fit various foot shapes and sizes.

They are particularly useful for those that experience increased discomfort throughout the evening or who want to protect against further progression of their hammer toe while relaxing.

How to pick the appropriate splint for your hammer toe.

Selecting the suitable splint for hammer toe management includes taking into consideration numerous aspects, consisting of the severity of the condition, personal convenience choices, and lifestyle needs. Individuals with a lot more noticable deformities may gain from rigid splints that provide optimal support and immobilization. On the other hand, those with moderate instances may find soft splints much more comfortable and appropriate for day-to-day wear.

It is also important to consider the fit of the splint. A well-fitting splint should not cause additional pressure or discomfort on the affected toe or bordering locations. When trying out a splint, it is advisable to wear it with the sort of shoes you typically use to ensure compatibility.

In addition, people ought to try to find flexible attributes that enable customization based on their specific foot shape and size. Consulting with a health care professional or a foot doctor can provide important insights into picking the best splint. They can analyze the seriousness of the hammer toe and suggest particular products based on individual needs. In addition, they might recommend added therapies or treatments that can complement splint use for optimal outcomes.

Tips for wearing splints to ease hammer toe pain

When using splints for hammer toe relief, there are numerous suggestions that can enhance comfort and effectiveness. Primarily, it is critical to use the splint regularly as recommended by a medical care expert. Regular use can significantly improve alignment and reduce pain with time.

For those making use of inflexible splints, it might be useful to start with shorter wear periods and progressively increase use as comfort permits. Choosing ideal shoes is an additional critical aspect of using splints effectively. Shoes ought to give enough area for the toes without restricting them.

Opting for footwear with a broad toe box can help accommodate both the splint and any kind of swelling that might occur because of inflammation. Furthermore, preventing high heels or excessively tight shoes will certainly reduce pressure on the affected area. Keeping correct hygiene is additionally vital when using splints.

Routinely cleansing both the splint and the foot can prevent skin irritability or infections that may occur from prolonged use. If any type of soreness or irritability develops around the location where the splint contacts the skin, it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider for support on exactly how to deal with these problems.

Other approaches for treating hammer toe pain

Along with utilizing splints, there are different other approaches readily available for easing hammer toe pain. One reliable approach is physical therapy, which can help strengthen the muscles surrounding the toes and improve flexibility. A physiotherapist might advise specific exercises developed to stretch tight ligaments and strengthen weak muscles, promoting far better alignment of the toes.

Footwear modifications can likewise play a substantial role in taking care of hammer toe pain. Personalized orthotics or insoles can give added arch support and cushioning, decreasing stress on the impacted toes during walking or standing. These devices can be especially beneficial for people with flat feet or high arches who may be predisposed to developing foot deformities.